Oxygen Sensing / HIF Pathway

This section covers the oxygen-sensing mechanisms behind hypoxic adaptation, including HIF signalling and the Nobel Prize-winning work on how cells sense and respond to oxygen availability. This is part of the biological foundation behind the RedPlus oxygen-signal model.

Nobel Prize 2019 — How cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability
Link: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2019/press-release/
Kort note: Official Nobel Prize source for Kaelin, Ratcliffe and Semenza’s oxygen-sensing work.

Nobel Prize Advanced Information — Oxygen sensing and adaptation
Link: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2019/advanced-information/

Ivan et al. 2001 — HIFα targeted for VHL-mediated destruction by proline hydroxylation
Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11292862/

Jaakkola et al. 2001 — Targeting of HIF-alpha to VHL by O₂-regulated prolyl hydroxylation
Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11292861/

Wang & Semenza 1993 — General involvement of HIF-1 in transcriptional response to hypoxia
Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8387214/

PMC version — Wang & Semenza HIF-1 paper
Link: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC46495/

Oxford / Ludwig Institute — HIF-alpha to VHL ubiquitylation complex
Link: https://www.ludwig.ox.ac.uk/research/publications/19844